EPISODE 265 MAPLE SYRUP TIME PART ONE: GETTING THE SAP…THE HALCYON DAYS
alan skeoch
Feb. 2021
Those soft winter days are nearly here. End of February, beginning of March. Maple Syrup making time
when those emblems of Canada, our thousands and thousands of sugar maple trees
are sniffing the air and sending a message to their root systems.
“NOTICE…Time for sugar to move up the tree trunk. Soon be needed
for life to begin again. Sleepy time is over.”
That is maple tree talk…the branches telling
the roots to start generating sap. The message is relayed via the thin communicating system
between the bark and the wood.
And I was determined to intervene…to ‘bleed’ off some of that life blood of some
of those maple trees.
SYSTEM…MAKING MAPLE SYRUP
“Marjorie, let’s see if we can make maple syrup. Something to do
in the gap between winter and spring…cheaper than skiing and
we’ll end up with s gallon or two of pancake syrup…our own hand
made maple syrup. Better than the store bought stuff maybe.”
“Where will you find enough trees? Not enough on our farm.”
“The Saunders farm runs right across to the Fourth Line where
they have about 20 acres of maples….I’ll ask Lorne if he is
willing to let us tap a few of his trees.”
Some farm laneways remain lined with mature maple trees for a good reason. Maple syrup
“You certainly have enough sap pails. How many
trees will you tap?”
“Maybe twenty or so. I have about 200
sap pails and lids. About the same amount of spiles…way
more than we can ever use in a lifetime.”
And so began a wonderful adventure. Making maple syrup. Earthy
March when the snow was beginning to melt on some days then
new snow falling on other days. What a grand time to be outdoors.
Week end work mostly but some weekdays as well which meant
I had to rush from teaching high school at Parkdale C.I. in the heart
of Toronto to my maple trees on Fourth Line of Erin Township, Wellington
County. On days when the sap would be running. Warm days…cool warm
days. I know it sounds like a contradiction.
I was not alone. Tara, our coonhound, Marjorie, the kids…Kevin and Andrew…
and sometimes Phil Sharp one of my fellow history teachers. So the truck
was loaded but still had room for the milk cans of maple sap. Milk cans?
Along with the sap pails, I had bought about 10 or 15 milk cans…big 10 or
15 gallon cans with pop up tops. These big cans were needed to haul
the sap from maple bush to the truck using a heavy sleight.
EQUIPMENT LIST
-20 SAP PAILS
-20 SAP PAIL LIDS
-1 HAND DRILL
-20 SPILES
-10 MILK CANS
-1 HEAVY DUTY SLEIGH
-1 LARGE SAP BOILING PAN WITH HIGH SIDES
-1 FINISHING TROUGH
-PILE OF CROWN SEALING BOTTLES WITH LIDS AND RINGS
-PILE OF WOOD FOR FIREPLACE
-SOME BOULDERS TO KEEP SAP PANS ABOVE FIRE PIT
-MAPLE SAP THERMOMETER…
-PILE OF FILTERS AND MILK CAN FILTERS
-GAS …ENOUGH TO DRIVE UP TO THE FARM
AND BACK TO THE CITY THREE TIMES A WEEK
(This venture was not cost effective…cost more than it was worth
was the conclusion of my critics)
The system worked well for three or four years and then
came to a abrupt end. So I will treat the story into two parts.
First were the halcyon days of sap collecting. Dream of those
days on March evenings…still do.
Lots of glass sealers around…some full of edible food…others full of bolts or porcelain insulators for hot wire fences.
“Dad, this is the way to tap a tree. Angle the drill up a few degrees so the sap can run down the spile into he pail.”
There is no joy quite like gathering maple sap in a snowbound forest.
“Alan, remember how we knew the maple sap collecting was over? When the forest floor was covered with wild garlic.
Easy to identify…smell, taste, look. Thousands of the spear like plants suddenly emerged in early spring. carpeted forest
floor in green.”
“I was reading that wild garlic is a fine medicinal herb…eases toothache, sore eyes, colds, coughs, …fends off warts, measles,
mumps and rheumatism.”
“If it’s that good why have we never seen anyone picking wild garlic?”
“look around …lots of people eat wild garlic. Recipes easy to find on the internet. The plant grows in deep forest in late
winter or early spring…when the wild garlic appears, I know the maple sap season is over. Easy to identify by its strong
garlic smell”
“AN easier way to tell the maple syrup season was over was when the flies appeared on the spiles or drowned in the sap.
Time to pack up.”
END PART ONE EPISODE 265
POST SCRIPT
WILD GENSENG ONCE GREW HERE
“ Marjorie, remember the Ginseng story? Deep in forests of maple, oak and other deciduous trees where the tree canopy was dense, Canadian ginseng once flourished Reputed to
be the best ginseng in the world. I have no idea why. The market in the 18th century was so good that the plant was wiped out. Years ago I did
a CBC radio story on that Ginseng and a listener near Simcoe phoned in with an offer to show me a few surviving wild ginseng plants
deep inside an ancient hardwood forest. He showed us the most unremarkable scrawny little plant that I would never be able to find
again. “
“lots of ginseng farms in Ontario today…easy to spot because he field are darkened with elevated panels…to simulate the
natural darkness of a maple forest. Korean Ginseng roots are not the same…“
“Back when we tapped those maple trees, We nosed around the forest but saw no ginseng…would not have known it if we did find it.”
“Why do people eat ginseng or drink ginseng tea?”
“I have no idea. The internet says to be careful with the plant.”
“Better to drink maple sap before the flies arrive….or slather maple syrup on pancakes or French toast.
EPISODE 261 YUKON DIARY HIGH GRADING…THE ART OF STEALING RAW GOLD AND SILVER (A ROCK FELL ON THE MOON)
alan skeoch
Feb. 2021
Old shaft at Keno Hill Silver Mine, Yukon
Abandoned mine adits were unlikely to get much attention as they could
be dangerous. A good place to hide stolen bags of silver ore
There is legal ‘high grading’ and illegal ‘high grading’ in the mining industry lexicon. Legal high grading
occurs when miners ignore low grade ore and only select high grade ore. i.e. Ore with high mineral content.
Most often, however, the term is applied to illegal ‘high grading.’
“HIGH GRADNG” in mining parlance refers to the stealing gold and silver. Quite often gold miners
feel the discovery of raw gold in an ancient stream bed or gold embedded in quartz is just as much
theirs as their employers. So they work out ways of ‘high grading’ (choosing) some of the gold for themselves.
This is particularly true of gold miners.
Gerald Priest and Pancho Bobicik and the man that was never caught were the biggest high graders
in Canadian history (that I know bout). They high graded 70 tons of silver ore. No small matter. Gold
high graders developed ways of hiding the gold on their body cavities or in the fake bottom of lunch
pails. Jerry Priest needed five ton trucks. Quite a difference.
I think it was back in 1959 that I first heard the term used. We were conducting a brutal nearly 3 month
survey from our bush camp on the Groundhog River…several miles by air north west of Timmins, Ontario.
We started the job with three of su but by late August had four when the bush plane from Austin Airways
dropped off poor Walter Helstein, an older man. Nice old chap but not suitable for bush work. He slipped
off a moss covered windfall and speared his outstretched hand on a sharp picket. Right through the hand.
We called Austin Airways to get Walter out and to bring in another man if one could be found. Well we got
the first High Grader I have ever met.
I think he had been fired from one of the Timmins gold mines. He never said that but he sure filled
us in detailing the skills of high grading.
“All kinds of tricks to get gold out, The lunch box trick was
the least successful. The mine officials would search lunch pails. Using body caviies was another..”
“Body cavities?”
“Just think about it…a gold nugget in the mouth or the ass.”
“What was best way?”
“Hide the piece of high grade ore in the mine…get it later with help
of a mine captain looking the other way…lots of ways.”
A local Timmins journalist, Kevin Vincent, has written two books titled BOOTLEG GOLD, VOLUMES 1 AND 2.
He claims high grade gold is Timmins worst kept secret. Everybody knows a high grader.
“I met this fellow by the name of Jack Atkinson, a detective with the Timmins Police Department, who I dedicate both of my books to, who told me these extraordinary stories about these gold thefts that were happening in Timmins,” explained Vincent in talking about how he came by his passion for documenting high-grading in Timmins.“I thought ‘Where are all the books on this and the magazine articles?’ and he said I don’t think there are any,” recalled Vincent.“I think we can fix that,” Vincent told Atkinson. “So for two years every morning before work I came to the library from 8:30 a.m. to 10 a.m. and researched the stories about the theft of gold in Timmins.Vincent has accumulated 17,000 pages of documentation on gold thefts from examining microfilm of the Porcupine Advance and Timmins Daily Press.“Everybody in Timmins has a story about this and it is Timmins’ biggest secret because anyone you meet on the street will tell you a story about someone they know who high-graded, usually it’s a friend who stole gold, never anybody in their family.”“It was a lot of fun, researching these stories,” noted Vincent, “but it was also very serious because of many people getting hurt.”
“But for the most part it was considered a victimless crime,” he added.
Old mining roads criss crossed the Keno Hill area. Too bad the White Pass trucker got lost. Otherwise Gerald
Priest might have successfully stolen 70 tons of silver ore.
HOW DID GERALD PREIST AND PANCHO MANAGE TO STEAL 671 BAGS OF SILVER ORE?
First they needed an inside man who had a responsible position. The police, lawyers, mine officials concluded
that inside man was Swizinski,the night shift boss. This has never been confirmed. Only alleged .
Here is how the system worked….allegedly
1) There was a four hour gap between night shift and day shift. That gave the thieves a
four hour time to do their high grading .
2) Bobicik and the mystery man (i.e. Swizinski)
entered mine at 200 foot level via an disused adit.
3) They reached the Bonanza Stope via a crosscut tunnel that ended at a ventilation door
that closed off an inactive part of the mine…kept closed to avoid loss of compressed air….
needed to maintain air quality in operating part of the mine.
4) Bobicik passed through this door to operating part of the mine
5) Where he encountered a “Lugger” …a machine used to move rocks
6) forty feet from the Bonanza stope on a gentle incline
7) Stope contained freshly blasted ore…ready for ‘high grading’ theft
8) The two men shovelled the best ore into 5 or 6 burlap sacks.
9) They pulled the 100 pound sacks to a ‘Slusher”, a giant mechanical shovel used
to direct rock downhill to the 400 foot portal (adit)…but the slasher could also
move the sacks uphill to the 200 foot level when operating in reverse.
10) Half a ton of ore could be moved in a few seconds up to empty rail cars which
were pushed 400 feet to long unused part of the mine where the sacks were hidden.
11) They ‘high graded’ a ton of ore each night.
And there, hidden, the sacks of ore sat. Moving them from the mine to
a food pick up point was the next task.. The Yukon has bright nights in the summer…sunshine
until late so danger of being spotted was high. Winter movement in the long dark
nights was also a problem since tire tracks would be left in the snow.
Movement of the ore would be easier if they seemed to be legitimate owners
of the ore. So they bought the Moon mining claims. They became reputable mine owners.
The Moon claims were almost inaccessible…a long way from where the 671 sacks of ore
were eventually stashed beside a gravel Road.
Getting the sacks from he 200 level in the mine to the roadside was not easy
as they were seen a couple of times but Bobicik had a cover story as did
Priest since they formed a legitimate mining company and developed the Rock on
the Moon story.
But there was a lot of work involved. The Keno Hill sacks had to be opened and
the ore piled as if waste rock in a ravine. Then all the ore had to be rescued in their
own sacks. Not an easy task. Stealing 70 tons of silver rich ore was not something
that could be done with the snap of their fingers.
Much more to the story. A lot of twists and turns. But this overview at least
explains some events between 1961 to 1963. I find it quite amazing that
none of this activity was noticed by my geophysical crew. We covered so much
of the land around Elsa on foot. We used any road we could find to get to
our survey properties. Then again we saw a great many piles of rock and
derelict buildings. We would not have paid particular notice of Gerald even if we met him
on a mine road with a half ton truck loaded with mine sacks.
This trench was not dug on the Moon claims but gives some idea of how rough the land
was and hence unlikely to be investigated. Dead trees from forest fire long ago. Growth rings
on the trees were almost invisible because climate was inhospitable.
Investigators said the Moon claims were almost inaccessible. Took more that two
hours to reach them by an ATV. Lots of swamp in that part of the McQuesten
Valley. I know that. Especially when doing that claim tagging on my last day
in Keno Hill. There were so many signs of abandoned work stations…cabins,
wagons, equipment, even barrels of gold concentrates…that it was unlikely
our crew would notice the stolen ore even if we walked right over it.
alan skeoch
Feb. 2021
Map below gives some idea of the number of old silver mine workings around Keno Hill. Finding a pile of
A favorite method used in unloading a useless claim or mine was called, “salting.” The seller would take ore from a productive mine and carefully scatter it about his non-productive property in hopes of closing a sale on the claim. Others might take a shotgun, load the charge with gold dust and blast the walls of the shaft, impregnating them with particles of gold. Gold was malleable and would imbed itself into the rock, giving the worthless claim a highly mineralized façade.
The game of buying and selling a worthless mine could conceivably become a matter of who could outwit whom. The seller might impregnate the walls with gold but the wise buyer might ask to have the walls blasted to see what was inside the rock. Trying to stay one step ahead, the seller could install gold into the headsticks of his dynamite and when the charge went off, the interior would be salted. To counter this, the buyer could insist they use the dynamite sticks he’d brought along for just such an occasion.
The smart buyer also brought along his own geologist. Not surprisingly, many times an entire community would plot against the buyer since the economic stability of a region might hinge on the successful sale.
Bichloride of Gold, or a chemical liquid, was used for medicinal purposes such as alcoholism and kidney ailments. When taken internally it will pass through the body, exiting the body with high assay value. A seller bent on cleverly salting his mine could load himself on the substance and salt any crack, crevice as nature moved him.
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