

Note: This is the beginning of series of stories about mining exploration…particularly the mines I had
the good fortune to visit, most of
which have been abandoned.
alan skeoch,


Note: This is the beginning of series of stories about mining exploration…particularly the mines I had
the good fortune to visit, most of
which have been abandoned.
alan skeoch,





Much of the land disturbed by surface mining for coal prior to 1948 was not reclaimed after mining. While most of Ohio’s surface mining took place after enactment of the state’s first surface mining law in 1948, reclamation requirements were not adequate by today’s standard. Prior to 1972, Ohio’s statutes did not require restoration of desirable environmental conditions to the surface mined areas.
As a result, the state was left with nearly 450,000 acres of land that were surface mined for coal prior to Ohio’s stringent 1972 reclamation law and 6,000 underground coal mines that exist below 600,000 acres of land.
By 1972 the problems included:








In 1966, an exciting project started at the factories of the Bucyrus Erie Co. – the engineering and building of the components of what would be one of the world’s largest earthmoving machines ever built, “Big Muskie.” Central Ohio Coal Co. had chosen this immense machine because the mine property extended over 110,000 acres of hilly terrain and made the use of a dragline versus a shovel to be more profitable at the levels of earth the coal was located in. It also allowed the coal company to better carryout their reclamation plans.
The machine was so large it was necessary to ship the components to the coal mining customer in Ohio and erect the machine on site. It took 340 rail cars and 260 trucks to ship all of the components and 200,000 man
hours to construct, but the machine finally went into production in 1969.
Ohio’s rich 200-year old mining legacy played a large part in fueling the nation’s industrial development. More than 3.6 billion tons of coal have been extracted from Ohio’s coal-bearing region since 1800. Poorly regulated mining during its first 150 years of existence in Ohio left impacts on the environment and the social fabric of its citizens.
Rock layers associated with the coal seam sometimes contain iron sulfide minerals, with pyrite the most common. Sulfur-bearing materials exposed to air and water during mining react with oxygen and water to form dilute solutions of sulfuric acid which may also contain a number of other dissolved minerals. This contaminated water, referred to as acid mine drainage (AMD), often seeps from underground mines and sometimes from surface mined areas. AMD is a significant environmental problem associated with abandoned mined lands and is often very difficult to control. Over 1300 miles of Ohio streams are impacted by AMD.


On both a state and national scale, mine openings and tunnels are the most frequently encountered AML problems. When many older underground mines were abandoned, the entries into them were not adequately sealed. Unstable or open portals and shafts on the ground surface can be very hazardous. Dangers within the mines include poisonous or explosive gases, oxygen deficiencies, flooded sections, unstable roofs, hard-to-see vertical shafts, venomous insects and snakes, and disorienting mazes of mine workings. These problems are compounded by total darkness within underground mines.
hio, you might have noticed dark, loose gravel-like mounds and sheared-off hillsides. Maybe you’ve spied a stream that appears to glow with a vibrant rusty orange hue. These features are not typical of Ohio’s natural scenery. They’re evidence of Abandoned Mine Lands or AML—mines that were active anywhere from 50 to 150 years ago a abandoned after coal seIf you’ve ever spent time in Eastern Ohio, you might have noticed dark, loose gravel-like mounds and sheared-off hillsides. Maybe you’ve spied a stream that appears to glow with a vibrant rusty orange hueThese features are not typical of Ohio’s natural scenery. They’re evidence of Abandoned Mine Lands or AML—mines that were anywher50 to 150 years ago and were abandoned after coal seams were depleted“And I think it’s going to get worse.”Toll of abandoned mines
Abandoned mines are a major problem in Pennsylvania, involving a number of players.
Experts say it could cost $5 billion to safeguard Pennsylvanians’ homes and workplaces from mine 11,288
subsidence, toxic water discharges and related problems.
DEP said federal funding has enabled it to rehabilitate 91,000 acres of abandoned mine lines. That often involves filling “voids” — the term officials use to describe unknown spaces left behind in abandoned mines — with gravel or cement.
Discharge from these abandoned sites also is a problem, experts told TribLive.
Water traveling through the mines usually is highly acidic and contains heavy metals such as aluminum and iron, which Daymut said can destroy food for fish and, accordingly, warp an ecosystem.
Common ways to fight the toxic discharges affecting an estimated 5,500 miles of streams in Pennsylvania include chemical treatment and water filtration.













Weighing in at over 27,000,000 pounds, it stood nearly 22 stories high and had a 330-foot twin boom and a 220-cubic yard bucket the size of a 12-car garage.
In 1976, “Big Muskie” removed 8,000 yards of overburden for the coal company per operating hour. In its 22 years of service, it removed twice the amount of earth moved during the original construction of the Panama Canal.
Shut down in 1991, “Big Muskie” was finally dismantled for scrap in 1999. The only component saved was the bucket, which was later incorporated into a display about the machine and surface mining and reclamation in Miners Memorial Park in McConnelsville, Ohio.
I was born in the year of the tiger, a creature of striped solitude and long, quiet prowls. Now, at seventy-five, the stripes have faded to the silver of Chiapas mist, and my territory has expanded to the edges of the map. I walk the cobblestones of San Cristóbal, where the air tastes of woodsmoke and ancient dust, and I am a ghost among the living, carrying my dead like precious stones in my pockets.
My father is a shadow in the corner of every cinema I pass. He is Japanese, a man of silences that ran deeper than the Pacific. As I navigate the morning markets, I see him in the tilt of a stranger’s head. I find myself reaching for a hand that isn’t there, wishing to pull him into the dark of a theater to watch The Seven Samurai. I want to sit in that shared silence, the flicker of the screen illuminating the stern line of his jaw. I do not know if he ever saw it—there are so many maps of his heart I never learned to read—but in the story I tell myself, we are there together, two tigers watching the swordsmen fall in the rain.
Then comes the scent of Assam tea and woodfire, and my mother arrives. She is white, a woman of sharp intellect and gentle rituals. In the quiet of my rented room, I see the steam rising from a ghost-cup. I wish to sit with her while the blue glow of Jeopardy fills the evening, our voices racing the clock. I see her hand reaching for a Dad’s Oatmeal Cookie and the slow, careful dunk into the amber tea. It is a small thing, a soggy crumb, but it is the liturgy of my childhood.
Outside, the Mayan children are racing the streets together with their laughter. I stop to watch a pair—a sister, perhaps six, and a brother of eight. She chases him with a fierce, joyful desperation, her small feet slapping the stones. I smile, and the years collapse. I am young again, and my sister, Marilyn, is behind me. We are sitting on the porch, our palms meeting in a rhythmic sting—clap, clap, clap—singing “Take Me Out to the Ball Game” until our breath runs out. She looked at me then as if I were the sun, and for a moment, I was.
I wander into the textile market. The colors are a riot, a bruised purple against a screaming orange, woven with the patience of spiders. I stop before a dress, embroidered with birds that look ready to fly off the cloth. I see her there—not the child on the porch, but the woman she should have been. A teenager, perhaps, with pocket money burning a hole in her palm. I see her eyes go wide; I see her buying everything, her arms full of vibrant thread.
“Try it on,” I whisper to the air.
And she does. In the temple of my mind, she steps out from behind a curtain of woven wool. The dress is the color of a Chiapas sunset. She stands there, her shoulders hunched, her fingers plucking nervously at the hem. She models it for me, but her movements are stiff, her eyes cast down to the dusty floor. She is waiting for the blow. She is waiting for the laughter.
“Marilyn,” I say, and my voice is as steady as the mountains. “You are beautiful.”
She freezes. She has spent her life in the shade, and the light of those words is too bright. I see her face contort, a flash of red staining her cheeks. She thinks I am mocking her. She thinks my praise is a sharp-edged stone thrown at her vulnerability. She begins to retreat, her soul pulling back into the dark thicket of her embarrassment, her eyes filling with the old, familiar shame of being seen.
“No,” I say, reaching out. I catch her gaze and hold it. “I am sincere. Look at me. You are radiant.”
I watch the transformation. It is slow, like the sun cresting the ridge of the Sumidero Canyon. The tension leaves her shoulders. The doubt in her eyes flickers and dies, replaced by a terrifying, wonderful belief. She stands taller. The dress no longer wears her; she wears the dress.
In that market stall, surrounded by the ghosts of San Cristóbal, my sister’s soul breaks through the clouds. She is happy. She is loved. And for the first time, she sees what I see: a beauty so fierce that it makes a tiger weep.

Begin forwarded message:
From: ALAN SKEOCH <alan.skeoch@rogers.com>Subject: Fwd: episode 1,474; GEORGE RICHEY FAR…..”CLUNK” LOST IN AN OHIO CORN FIELD ON DARK NIGHT IN OCTOBER 1978Date: January 1, 2026 at 12:37:49 PM ESTTo: john Wardle <jwardle@rogers.com>, Marjorie Skeoch <marjorieskeoch@gmail.com>, Alexandra Hooper <alexx@runningcritter.ca>, Teyaplastich@gmail.com
Begin forwarded message:
From: ALAN SKEOCH <alan.skeoch@rogers.com>Subject: episode 1,474; GEORGE RICHEY FARM…..”CLUNK”— LOST IN AN OHIO CORN FIELD ON DARK NIGHT IN OCTOBER 1978Date: December 28, 2025 at 2:27:07 PM EST
“CLUNK…” The truck refused to go any farther. It was dead.the universal joint hung down among the corn stubble. We werein serious trouble… inky blackness all around.When the truck died we had been driving for 8 hours. Heading to the Richey Farm in central Ohionear the Norwich village (population 85). Daylight failed by time we reached Buffalo, then west to Clevelandhugging Lake Erie shore, then south to Pittsburg on super highway, then cutting westward through Amishcountryside where no lights showed. Inky blackness except for headlights.We shared the highway with dozens of 18 heelers en route to the golden valleys of California. Empty trucksdriven by cowboys who resented my pathetic two way radio attempt at conversation— an exaggeration bred by fear.‘How is traffic south to Pittssburg, 10-4?”“Fuck off.”Boxed us in on one occasion. 18 wheelers front back and side…uncomfortable for us. Was boxing deliberateor imagination?
Two kids, two dogs,two adults…one decrepit brown van limping southward.“Boxed in. Is this deliberate?”“Cut the small talk on the two way radio, Alan,’’The hours slid by…took us 8 hours to reach the corn field…we arrived well after midnight. Our vanwas no longer purring. Sort of grunting now and then but once in gear it kept up with traffic. Very littletraffic west from Pittsburg thankfully. Kids asleep with dogs. Marjorie watching the road seeminglyunaware of our trucks plaintive wheezing.South from Norwich the road twisted and had sharp turns. Black night…black as hubsof hell.Gravel road….steep hills. Deep valleys. Darkness.
Ancient settlement road seemed to end in the corn field.“Where are we??”“I don’t rightly know>”“Could you not stay on the road?’”“What road?”“What was that ‘Clunk?”“Truck will not move…we are stranded.”“Shouldn’t we ask for help…farmhouse over there?”“Late…black night…danger to knock on door…guns.”Then the night darkness was gone. Headlights popped on,’We were surrounded by camper vans and and half ton truckshere for the annual Steam Up (ran for 40 years)George Richey snuffled a greeting and noticed the gutof our truck hanging…How did you get here with that … no way to transferfrom motor to wheels.”“Just kept moving…noisy.”“We’ll get it fixed,”Two trucks moved over to our truck with headlights…men crawled under…marvelled the we survived the journey…said they couldfix things up in morning.MORNING AT STARVED ROOSTER FARM, OCTOBER, 1978…George and Helen Richey, Norwich, Ohio— 8 hour drive from TorontoBefore we awakened a bunch of mechanics crawled under our truckand used ‘bailing wire and binder twine’ fixed her up for the trip homeon Sunday — therefore we had one day to enjoy and interview,to eat and tell stories about the fertile drainage basin of thegreat Missisippi River.Lionel Hofmeister: “I remember standing on the banks of Missisippi around 1910 and seeing steam spouting froma dozen or more threshing rigs. The soil was that thick and rich. Today that rich black soil is washing away eachseason and no one seems to care.”
<img alt="Aultman & Taylor Threshing Machines Mansfield NEW Sign: 24×30" USA STEEL XL Size – Picture 1 of 1" data-zoom-src="https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/cBEAAOSw9bRngfcQ/s-l1600.jpg" loading="eager" src="https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/cBEAAOSw9bRngfcQ/s-l500.jpg" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/cBEAAOSw9bRngfcQ/s-l140.jpg 140w, i.ebayimg.com/images/g/cBEAAOSw9bRngfcQ/s-l500.jpg 500w, i.ebayimg.com/images/g/cBEAAOSw9bRngfcQ/s-l960.jpg 960w, i.ebayimg.com/images/g/cBEAAOSw9bRngfcQ/s-l1600.jpg 1600w” sizes=”(min-width: 768px) 60vw, 100vw” style=”transform-origin: 599px 248px;” class=””>
What Is Sorghum?
<img id="img" apple-inline="yes" style="width: 684px; height: 385px;" class="" src="https://alanskeoch.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/20220919154911-1663705064668@2x-2.jpeg“>So first t
hings firs
t, what is sorghum?
“Sorghum is a plant that is part of the grass family, Poaceae. Because of its ability to grow and thrive in dry and drought-prone areas of the world such as Africa and India1, it is a primary crop in these places,” says Lena Bakovic, MS, RDN, CNSC, registered dietitian at Top Nutrition Coaching. As a result, sorghum is actually the fifth-most produced grain globally2and one of the most-consumed grains worldwide3.
The history behind this grain is also fascinating. Evidence shows that wild sorghum was first harvested by hunter-gatherers in the Sahara as early as 8,000 BC4, and it was first domesticated somewhere between 2,000-1,700 BC.
ONE GRAND DAY WITH GEORGE AND HELEN RICHEYOur boys spent Saturday feeding the sorghum into the crusher that squeezed a thin stream of sorghum into a pail to be refinedinto molasses like product that was edible. Maple syrup is better in my opinion.Ancient farm machines arrived, were admired — some worked — then were taken back to their home farms. Most of thetime we talked of times past. About 50 people were invited. Not a huge crowd. Really a special crowd.“Wild pigs down in the sharp valleys. Keep dogs close to home, Alan.”‘ Then we had a harvest feast among George Richey’s collection of tractors all of which were working.I spent the day worrying about the trip home. Would the driveshaft fall out on an American highway on a Sunday afternoon milesand miles from home? Our truck was fixed but would it last for an 8 hour drive?“Can you spare a bit of time, Alan — We would like to show you the BIG MUSKY — just a mile or so south of here.?”“Sure, but we have no fishing rods.”“Not necessary, anyway. This is Sunday. Big Musky sleeps on Sundays.”“Let’s take a look.”What was George talking about?Next Episode — THE BIG MUSKY OF EASTERN OHIO
